First, I would like to say; the best thing I could have done for myself and the chickens was to purchase an automatic watering system called "The Chicken Fountain", this product is amazing it was designed and is sold by Frank Cardaropoli of North Carolina, it is all automatic; all you have to do is provide a water source. I have water plumbed from my house to the chicken's pen approximately 100' underground. Since this is my first winter raising chickens I needed to rethink how the water can remain on and flowing during the winter months.